The Riches of Xulthar: Chapter 1 (AI Draft)

Roderick

“I know why you seek the lost city of Xulthar,” the old crone said as she peered over the top of her crystal ball. “But the riches hidden therein will bring you nothing but evil and sorrow.”

Roderick the Young of House Valtan stood up straight with his shoulders back, his sharp eyes scanning the old crone from head to toe. His broad hand unconsciously brushed the hilt of his sword; it was a weapon that had seen more than its fair share of use. Unlike most nobles, his boots were worn and caked with dust, his face lined with the sun and wind of the open road—a testament to the hard times that had fallen on his house. But Roderick was not one to let the whims of fate define him.

“What do you mean, old woman? Speak your prophecy.”

The haggard old fortune teller wore faded and tattered robes, with a threadbare shawl that seemed as old and gray as she was. Clearly, no false and flattering sibyl was she. Roderick had sought her out for that very reason, foregoing all of the more popular soothsayers with their smooth words and their gilded tongues. With all that he had lost, he had no appetite for their lies.

The crone’s eyes pierced through Roderick’s soul like needles, her voice a deathly hiss that sent shivers coursing through his veins.

“Behold! I see a city of endless riches and unimaginable treasures, watched over by an infernal force of dark magic. You must face this terror, Roderick of House Valtan, and uncover the reason for your family’s demise. But know this – the path ahead is littered with danger, for even if you succeed in defeating the evil power, it will not restore your house to its former glory or bring you the honor you seek.

Her words stabbed him like a dagger to the heart. Honor was indeed the object of his quest, and the riches of Xulthar were merely a means to that end. The fact that the sibyl had divined as much spoke to her clairvoyance, since by all outward appearances, he was simply another young adventurer seeking his fortune. But even if the riches of Xulthar were cursed, he could not back down now; he had come too far and sacrificed too much.

“But will I defeat that dark power, and restore my family’s honor?” Roderick asked.

The sibyl clucked her tongue. “The future is not set in stone, young lord. You, not I, have the power to shape your own destiny.”

Roderick scowled impatiently. “I did not come into your tent to hear platitudes, old woman. Look into your crystal ball and tell me what will be if I defeat this dark sorceror and seize the riches of Xulthar for my own.”

The crone’s eyes glinted in the dim light of her tent as she glared into the depths of her crystal ball. “I see naught but a life of suffering and misery for you, my lord. Xulthar’s riches are cursed beyond your wildest dreams. If you dare step foot on this path, it will come at an immense cost, even if you emerge from it victorious.”

“But if I do not take this journey, then my family will never reclaim its lost honor and our house will be erased from existence forever.”

“As you have spoken, young lord.”

Roderick grunted. “Better to meet a cursed but honorable end than to take the coward’s path. If this is to be my destiny, I will not turn from it.”

The old crone nodded solemnly, her aged and wrinkled face softening with sympathy. “Beware, young lord! The evil that lurks within the ruins of Xulthar is so great that even I cannot foresee how your fate is intertwined with it. Your bravery is admirable, but the path that you choose will have consequences beyond your own life. Indeed, it may affect the fate of our entire world.”

“Then I will choose this path,” Roderick said grimly, “even if it brings me naught but sorrow.”

He adjusted his sword belt and turned to leave. As soon as his back was turned, the ball began to glow anew.

“There is something else,” the old crone prophesied, her gaze fixated on the vision within the crystal ball. “I see a young woman, beautiful and fair…”

But Roderick had already stepped out of her tent, his mind consumed with brooding thoughts.

Roderick

The tavern was as dark and smokey as the hot afternoon sky was bright and clear. Roderick narrowed his eyes as he adjusted his sword belt and peered at the long wooden tables, which were mostly unoccupied at this hour. A short raven-haired wench was washing down the table nearest to him, the hem of her billowing dress stained almost black with ash and spilled food and drink. She stood up straight as Roderick entered.

“Milord,” she said with a respectful curtsy.

He ignored her for the moment as his eyes scanned the room. Three scrawny chickens were roasting on a spit over the coals in the fireplace, while behind the bar, a fat, balding barkeep mindlessly cleaned pewter mugs. A warm breeze blew through the unshuttered windows, only marginally cooling the air.

For a moment, Roderick thought he had made a mistake. Then his ears caught the sound of laughter, and in the far corner, he found what he had sought.

“My friends,” he muttered, grunting as he pointed to the far table. The tavern wench nodded and smiled as he passed her without another word.

“Rod!” said Andrej, slapping him heartily on the back as Roderick took the seat next to him on the bench. “It’s good to see you, friend. Care for a drink?”

Roderick raised an eyebrow. “At this early hour?”

“Why not?” Jura said merrily across the table. “Andrej is paying!”

“There you are mistaken,” Andrej retorted with a mischevious smile. “Our beloved Lord Valtan is subsidizing our libations on this auspicious occasion, since he it was who called us to this council. Forsooth?”

Roderick sighed heavily. “Just as long as you don’t get drunk.”

“It may be too late for that, Lord,” Jura said with a trinkle in his eye. He held out his mug, and the wench hurried over with a pitcher of ale.

“Enough of that!” Roderick snapped. “I didn’t call you here to celebrate the occasion. I called you here to make plans.”

The tavern wench stopped pouring, and at a sharp glance from Roderick she scurried back behind the bar. Andrej clucked his tongue.

“You always have such a serious demeanor, Rod,” Andrej said, taking a swig of ale. “Can’t we just enjoy each other’s company for once?”

Roderick scowled. “This is not a social visit, Andrej. We are here to discuss our… pending expedition.”

“You mean our quest for the lost city of Xulthar?”

“Not so loud!” Roderick snapped, glancing around the room. But Andrej and Jura just laughed.

Roderick’s frown deepened. “This is no laughing matter. Xulthar is a place of great danger. We must approach it with caution and a clear head.”

“Of course, of course,” Jura said with a wave of his hand. “But we’ve been planning this for months. We know what we’re doing.”

“Maybe,” Roderick said, “but we must stay focused. We cannot let the promise of riches cloud our better judgement.”

“But that’s the whole point, isn’t it?” Andrej said, grinning. “We’re doing this for the gold.”

Roderick’s eyes narrowed. “It’s not just about the gold for me. It’s about my father, and restoring my family’s honor.”

“Well, that’s all well and good,” Jura said with a shrug, “but I’m in it for the gold.”

Roderick shook his head. “You’re missing the point. This is not just a treasure hunt. Xulthar is not just some abandoned city. It is a place of great power and danger. We must be careful.”

“Relax, Rod,” Andrej said, clapping him on the back. “We’ll be careful. But we’ll also have a good time.”

Roderick sighed. His companions were not taking the expedition seriously enough. They didn’t understand the gravity of the situation. But he had to make them understand.

“Listen to me,” Roderick said, leaning in close. “In Xulthar, we will face not only physical challenges but also those of the mind and soul. The treasure we seek is cursed, and it will corrupt anyone who seeks to possess it. We must be vigilant and resist its lure.”

Andrej and Jura looked at each other and then burst out laughing. The sound of their merriment was like a dagger to Roderick’s heart.

“You think this is funny? Xulthar is no laughing matter. It is said that the city fell to an evil and sorcerous power, which slaughtered all of its inhabitants in a single day. That power still holds sway over the treasure contained within the ruins, and it destroys those who fall to it. Their bodies are possessed by demons, their minds reduced to nothing more than an addling soup.”

The laughter died down as they listened to him speak, but Roderick could sense that they still didn’t fully believe him.

“Look, Rod,” Andrej said, placing a hand on Roderick’s shoulder, “we know you’re worried, but we’re not a bunch of greenhorns. We’ve been on plenty of dangerous expeditions before. We can handle ourselves.”

“We’ll be careful,” Jura added. “And besides, even if there is a curse, we’ll just have to make sure we have the right magical protections.”

Roderick sighed again, feeling the weight of the responsibility on his shoulders. He had to make sure that his companions understood the danger they were about to face.

“We’ll need to be prepared,” Roderick said, pacing back and forth. “Xulthar is hidden in the deep desert, and no one has ever returned from there. The journey will be long and arduous, and we’ll have to be prepared for anything.”

He looked at Andrej and Jura expectantly. They nodded in agreement.

“We’ll need supplies,” Andrej said, taking charge. “Food, water, weapons…all sorts of things.”

Jura chimed in as well. “And spells! We can’t forget about magical protection.”

Roderick nodded in agreement. This was all true, but there was something else they were forgetting about – something far more important than any physical preparation.

“But most importantly,” he said gravely, “we must protect ourselves from the temptations of the cursed treasure we seek.”

The two adventurers stared at him in surprise. “What do you mean?” Andrej asked with a furrowed brow.

“The curse of Xulthar is not just a physical danger,” Roderick explained. “It is a corrupting force that preys on our darkest desires and weaknesses. We must be vigilant against its influence, or else we risk falling to its power.”

Jura crossed his arms, looking skeptical. “And how do we protect ourselves from that? Do we just avoid the treasure altogether?”

Roderick shook his head. “No, we cannot simply ignore the treasure. It is our goal, after all. But we must be strong of will and clear of purpose. We cannot let our greed or ambition overpower us. We must remember why we are on this journey and what we hope to achieve with the treasure.”

There was a moment of silence as Andrej and Jura considered what Roderick had said. Then Andrej spoke up, a note of determination in his voice.

“I understand what you’re saying, Rod. And I promise you, I won’t let the curse get to me. I’m here to help you restore your family’s honor and get rich in the process.”

Jura nodded in agreement. “Me too. I’m not going to let some curse steer me off course.”

“Very well,” Roderick said, finally relenting. “But we must be cautious. We don’t know what we’ll face in that cursed city. We’ll need to rely on each other and be prepared for anything.”

Andrej and Jura nodded in agreement, and they all raised their mugs in a toast.

“To Xulthar,” Andrej said with a grin.

“To the treasure we’ll claim,” Jura added, clinking his mug against Andrej’s.

“And to glory and honor we’ll win,” Roderick said, feeling a sense of dread wash over him. Though his friends seemed confident in their plans, Roderick couldn’t help but worry they weren’t taking this dangerous journey seriously enough. What if something happened to them out there? Would they abandon him, or stand by him in the face of adversity? He only hoped he could trust his companions when it came time to confront the power of Xulthar’s curse.

The Riches of Xulthar: Chapter 1

Roderick

“I know why you seek the lost city of Xulthar,” the old crone said as she peered over the top of her crystal ball. “But the riches you find there shall bring you naught but evil and sorrow.”

Roderick the Young of House Valtan rolled his shoulders back as his sharp eyes scanned the fortune teller from head to toe. His broad hand unconsciously brushed the hilt of his sword, which had seen more use than most of its kind. Unlike most of the noble born these days, his boots were worn and caked with dust, his arms bronzed, his face lined and weathered from the wind of the open road—a testament to the hard times that had befallen his house. But Roderick was not one to let the whims of fate define him.

“What do you mean, old woman? Speak your prophecy.”

The robes of the haggard old sibyl were faded and tattered, and over them she wore a threadbare shawl as old and gray as herself. A woman of her profession could easily amass a small fortune spinning false and flattering tales—all the more so for the curse that multiplied the coin of liars and cheats, and shrank it for honest men. Indeed, this very soothsayer could be putting on a sham, her wealth discreetly hidden beneath a facade of beggary and dearth.

But Roderick did not think so. He had carefully watched the old crone for several days, searching for any sign of deceit. Now, inside her tent, he had even more opportunity to scrutinize her. Everything he saw convinced him that she was, indeed, an honest prophetess, for only an honest one could be this poor.

“You bear little resemblance to the other young adventurers who seek the riches of Xulthar,” the old crone cackled. “Unlike those other fools who greedily seek the city, you are a man of honor in an honorless world—a soul cast adrift by the cruel winds of fate, through no failing of your own. Your father—”

“If I wanted honeyed words, I would have gone to one of the popular soothsayers with their silk tents and their gilded tongues. Do not try to butter me up, old hag—I have no appetite for obsequious lies.”

“Old hag?” the woman shrieked. “Your uncouth tongue will bring you no favors, young lord—though you did not need to seek me out to learn that. No, I perceive you have come to learn whether your efforts to restore your family’s honor will meet with success, or failure.”

“Aye,” said Roderick, inwardly pleased that the sibyl had divined the true nature of his quest. Still, he brooded impatiently as she peered into her crystal ball.

“Behold!” she began, her voice a deathly hiss that sent shivers coursing through his veins. “I see a city of unimaginable riches and treasure, guarded by an infernal force of the darkest sorcery. You will face this dark force, young Roderick of House Valtan, and uncover the truth behind your family’s demise.”

“And will I defeat it?” he asked, his blood running cold.

The old crone paused until the silence was nearly palpable. “If you do,” she answered at length, “it will not restore your house to its former glory, nor right the wrongs that you and your family have suffered.”

Her prophecy stabbed him like a dagger to the heart. Honor and duty compelled him to do all within his power to restore his family’s house, and nothing short of the riches of Xulthar would enable him to accomplish that now. To hear the sibyl prophesy that his quest would come to naught was almost enough to crush him.

“Will I fail, then?” he asked softly, refusing to give in to despair.

The sibyl clucked her tongue. “The future is not set in stone, young lord. You, not I, have the power to shape your own destiny.”

Roderick scowled. “I did not come into your tent to hear platitudes, old woman. Scry into your stone and tell me what will be if I defeat this dark sorcerer and seize the riches of Xulthar for my own.”

The crone’s eyes glinted in the dim candlelight as she stared once again into the depths of her crystal ball. “I see naught but a life of suffering and misery for you, my lord. Xulthar’s riches are cursed beyond measure. If you do not turn from this path, you will pay an immense cost for it, even if you prove victorious.”

“But if I do not take this path, then my house will never be restored and my family’s honor will be disgraced forever.”

“As you say, young lord.”

“And even if the cause of my house is truly hopeless,” he continued, hardly hearing her, “then for honor’s sake alone, I must avenge our fall.”

To that, the old crone said nothing.

“I must seek the city of Xulthar,” Roderick argued, clenching his calloused fist. “I have come too far and sacrificed too much to take the coward’s path and turn from my destiny. Tell me, woman, what must I do to prepare? What must I take with me to defeat the dark power that resides in the ruins of Xulthar?”

The sibyl consulted her stone. “You must remain true to your cause,” she counseled. “If you do not allow yourself to be swayed or tempted away, then fate will provide all that you need to defeat that dark power.”

“But even if I defeat it, the honor and wealth of my house will not be restored?”

The old crone nodded solemnly, her aged and wrinkled face softening with sympathy. “Beware, young lord! The evil that lurks within the ruins of Xulthar is so great that even I cannot foresee how your fate is intertwined with it. All I know is that defeating that great evil will not bring you the honor that you seek, nor will it restore your house to its former glory.”

Roderick grunted in grim resignation, and his eyes narrowed and hardened with resolve. “It is better to meet a star-crossed end with sword in hand than to take the coward’s path. If this is to be my destiny, I will not turn from it.”

He adjusted his scabbard and turned to leave. As soon as his back was turned, the crystal began to glow anew.

“There is something else,” the old crone prophesied, her gaze fixated on the vision within the ball. “I see a young woman, slender and fair…”

But Roderick had already stepped out of her sun-faded tent, his mind consumed with dark and brooding thoughts.

Roderick

The tavern was as dark and smokey as the hot afternoon sky was bright and clear. Roderick narrowed his eyes as he peered at the long, wooden tables, which were mostly unoccupied at this hour. A raven-haired wench was scrubbing the table nearest to him, her apron stained black with spilled food and drink. She stood as Roderick approached her.

“Milord,” she greeted him with a curtsy.

He ignored her for the moment as he scanned the hall. Three scrawny chickens were roasting on a spit over the coals in the fireplace, while behind the bar, a fat, balding barkeep mindlessly cleaned pewter mugs. A warm breeze blew through the unshuttered windows, only marginally cooling the air. Then his ears caught the sound of laughter, and in the far corner, he found the party he sought.

“My friends,” he muttered, pointing to the two men. The tavern wench nodded and smiled, and he passed her without another word.

“Rod!” said Andrej, slapping Roderick heartily on the back. “It’s good to see you, friend. Care for a drink?”

Roderick raised an eyebrow. “At this early hour?”

“Why not?” Jura said merrily from across the table. “Andrej is paying!”

“There, you are mistaken,” Andrej retorted with a mischievous smile. “Our beloved Lord Valtan is subsidizing our libations on this occasion, since it was he who called us to this council.”

Roderick suppressed a chuckle. He could always count on his old friends from the guard to lift his spirits. Andrej was tall and dashing, with long golden locks and a carefully trimmed mustache and goatee. As the youngest son of a successful yeoman, he sought his fortune by the sword, since he had no hope of an inheritance. Jura was about a head shorter than him, and more of a brawler than a swordsman, but his blue eyes shone with rare intelligence. His grin, half-hidden by his short, black beard, always made Roderick wonder if he knew more than he let on.

“Just as long as you don’t get drunk,” said Roderick. “We have important matters to discuss.”

“Ah,” said Jura with a twinkle in his eyes. “It may be too late for that, Lord.” He held out his mug, and the wench hurriedly refill it.

“‘Important matters,’ you say?” Andrej asked, leaning forward. “My dear friend, you do yourself a disservice if you think anything in this world is more important than good friends, good drink, and good women.” He smiled at the wench and held out his mug to her, and when she had finished filling it, he spanked her soundly, making her giggle.

Roderick drew a sharp breath. “Leave the girl alone.”

“Why?” Andrej laughed. “She enjoys it—don’t you, lass?”

“That depends on the size of your money pouch, milord,” she said slyly, tickling his chin.

“Ah, but which pouch?” Jura asked with a twinkle in his eye. “The one that carries his coin, or the one that carries the family jewels?”

As his friends enjoyed another merry laugh, Roderick’s hand instinctively went to the pouch of coins on his belt. He frowned—had it grown noticeably lighter since his visit with the old sibyl? He silently counted them with his fingers, and sure enough, the curse had wrought its work.

He pulled the wench aside and gave her a hard look. “My friends and I have matters to discuss,” he told her. She smiled nervously and scurried back to the bar.

“Ah, Rod,” said Jura, taking a swig of his ale. “Why are you always so somber? Can we not simply enjoy each other’s company for a while?”

Roderick scowled. “I did not call you here to drink me into the poorhouse. We are here to discuss our… pending expedition.”

“You mean our quest for the lost city of Xulthar?”

“Not so loud!” Roderick snapped, glancing anxiously around the room. But Jura and Andrej just laughed.

“Ah, Rod,” said Andrej, slapping him on the back once again. “We cannot ‘drink you into the poorhouse,’ because you are already there. Aren’t we all?”

“Indeed,” said Jura. “That is, until we find the riches of Xulthar.”

The old crone’s words came back to Roderick, about the riches of Xulthar bringing him naught but evil and sorrow. His scowl deepened, and he turned away.

“Some things are more important than riches.”

“You are correct, my lord,” Andrej said with a flourish. “But the wonderful thing about riches is that they can buy all of the truly important things. Like friends—”

“And drink,” Jura interjected.

“—and women,” Andrej finished. They laughed uproariously and saluted each other with their mugs high in the air.

“This is no laughing matter,” said Roderick, unamused. “Xulthar is a place of dark sorcery and grave danger. We must be cautious and keep our heads clear if we are to succeed.”

“Of course, of course,” Jura said dismissively. “But we have been planning this adventure for months, and all of the supplies have been procured.”

“And right now,” Andrej added, “we are enjoying our last libations before the dry and dreary desert makes teetotalers of us all!”

Andrej’s hedonistic merriment failed to warm Roderick’s heart. His apprehensions about the coming adventure and the words of the old sibyl still weighed too heavily on him. If he had no hope of success, even in victory, how could he ask his friends to join him?

“Are both of you sure you wish to accompany me?” he asked.

Andrej and Jura looked at him as if he had grown a third arm. “Of course, Rod,” said Jura. “Why would we turn around now?”

“Because of how lightly you seem to take this. Does it not disturb you that no one has returned from Xulthar alive?”

“My dear and dismal friend,” Andrej said cheerily, “why should such things bother us, when the same can be said of life itself? We all must take our dance with death, and in the end, the reaper always gets his due.”

“Aye,” said Jura, lifting his mug. “Better to face death on your feet, with a sword in your hand and friends at your side, and the prospect of boundless wealth if you survive.”

Roderick grunted in agreement, though he still couldn’t help but feel that his companions were taking things too lightly. Then again, the honor and future of their house was not at stake, as it was for him.

“That is good,” said Roderick, “but for me, it is not merely a question of treasure. It is a matter of honor.”

“Of honor?” said Andrej, raising an eyebrow. “What is ‘honor,’ if not the fleeting judgment of fools? Honor, ha! I would rather be shamed forever, and have my coffers full, than have all the honors and glory of the realm, and be penniless.”

“Aye,” Jura heartily concurred. “Honor is all well and good, but gold is all I’m after.”

“How can you say such things?” Roderick asked, suddenly animated with righteous vehemence. “Honor is not merely a title that a king or a prince bestows. It is something that burns within you—the star that guides your soul through the darkest night, the compass that directs you through the bleakest waste. I would rather lose everything else that I own, before I lose my honor!”

Andrej and Jura paused to look at each other. When they turned to Roderick again, their eyes were uncharacteristically sad.

“Rod,” said Andrej softly, “do you not remember the horror of the plague years? How many men of honor perished alongside the mean and contemptible alike?”

“Or how so many wicked men prospered at the expense of the weak and innocent?”

“I have not forgotten,” Roderick said somberly, remembering the old sibyl’s words: you are a man of honor in an honorless world—a soul cast adrift by the cruel winds of fate.

Andrej took a long drink and wiped his mouth with the back of his hand. “I mean no offense, friend. But after all that I have seen, both in the guard and out of it, I have learned through sad experience that honor counts for little in this world.”

“So it does,” said Roderick. “But that does not mean it should not count for us.”

Jura eyed him curiously. “Well, one thing I will admit is that honor is no cheaper than life in this world. Better to die for honor’s sake than to live for nothing at all.”

And what if there is no cause in this godforsaken world worth dying for? Roderick could not help but silently wonder. He scowled again as he leaned over the wooden tabletop, brooding over his troubled thoughts.

Andrej sensed his growing melancholy and slapped him on the back. “Come now! Why should we trouble ourselves with such somber speech when our mugs are full, our horses are laden, and the greatest treasure in the world awaits the conclusion of our quest?”

“Hear, hear!” Jura concurred, taking a drink of his own.

Roderick forced a smile, but did not feel it. Still, for his friends, he cast aside his darker musings and focused on matters at hand.

“Let us talk of what we will face at Xulthar,” he said, leaning in close. “The city is guarded by a dark and sorcerous power, which we must defeat if we are to win the treasure. We will face not only physical challenges, but tests of our mind and soul.”

“Yes, yes,” Andrej said dismissively. “We all know that Xulthar is the seat of some upstart sorcerer.”

“It is said that all of the city’s inhabitants were slaughtered in a single day,” Roderick continued, ignoring him. “That power must still hold sway over the treasure, and will corrupt us just as surely as the coin of Xulthar—perhaps even more so. We must be vigilant and resist its allure.”

“Rod,” said Jura, “we know what we are up against. There are no greenhorns here.”

“Aye,” said Andrej, taking another swig of his ale. “We’ve been on plenty of dangerous ventures before. We can handle ourselves just fine.”

Roderick sighed again, feeling the weight of all his apprehensions pressing upon him. The words of the sibyl troubled him as well, but he did not feel that he could share that with his friends. More likely than not, they would simply mock him.

“Very well,” he said at length, “but we must be strong of will and clear of purpose. Our primary object is to defeat the forces of evil that infest the city and curse its treasure. Only then can we claim Xulthar’s riches for our own.”

There was a moment of silence as Andrej and Jura considered his words. Andrej spoke up, his voice suddenly filled with resolve.

“I understand, Rod. And I promise, I won’t let the curse of Xulthar get to me. Right, Jura?”

“Right,” said Jura, nodding.

Andrej turned back to Roderick and smiled. “You say that this quest is a matter of honor for you? Very well, then—let it be a matter of honor for us all. To restore your family’s name, we will ride with you to the cursed city and face whatever fate awaits us there.”

“Aye,” said Jura heartily. “And become the richest men in all the land.”

Andrej grinned and lifted his mug. “To Xulthar!”

“To Xulthar,” said Jura, clinking his mug against Andrej’s.

“To Xulthar,” Roderick muttered. But though his friends seemed confident, Roderick could not shake the feeling that they were on their way off to their doom.

<< Prologue << The Riches of Xulthar >> Chapter 2 >>

The Riches of Xulthar: Prologue (AI Draft)

Long had the plague years ravaged the land, decimating every household and filling the ground with the dead. Crops rotted unharvested in the fields, entire towns were wiped clean of inhabitants, and the cities swelled with panicked migrants fleeing the spectre of death, only to spread the shadow of the reaper.

No kingdom or principality was left untouched. The mightiest empires fell as famine followed pestilence, with war harrying the heels of both. The highest priests of the old gods cursed them bitterly and died, while their acolytes despaired that the Creator had abandoned His creation to the forces of chaos. A thousand altars ran red with the blood of human sacrifice, all to no avail.

The despair deepened as the days passed, until it seemed that all of creation was in chaos. War raged across continents, as nations sought to defend their crumbling borders against invasion. Kings, once thought invincible, were humbled by their mortality and forced to admit defeat. The common people watched on helplessly as their homes were burned to the ground, their meager wealth plundered and their families broken up and scattered to the winds. Driven by desperation, many of them joined the hordes of invaders until the plague claimed them, too.

The old religions failed to offer any answers or solace, and out of desperation many turned to new gods—gods from far-off lands who promised protection from a wrathful deity. But still the plague remained, bringing death and ruin on its wake.

The rains refused to fall in their season, and once fertile fields turned to dust as the deserts reclaimed their own. Even after the plague had run its course, the wealthy and the poor continued to suffer alike. For a time, all trade ceased, as the few survivors hoarded their dwindling supplies and guarded them fiercely against any who dared approach.

But the plague years did not last forever. After the destruction had run its course, the pestilence relented, and slowly, life began to return to the land. The survivors banded together, pooling their resources and working together to rebuild what plague, and famine, and war had destroyed. Cautiously, they began to rebuild their homes and towns, reclaiming the dark corners of the world from death’s insidious grasp. New outbreaks of the plague claimed many of them, but those who survived continued the work of rebuilding.

Eventually, the need for commerce overwhelmed the fear of death. The merchants began to venture out once again, risking their lives on the dangerous roads in search of profit. Unfortunately, the plague had made coin scarce, and those who needed the trade goods the most were the ones least able to pay. Some merchants turned to barter, but this proved unwieldy and difficult, especially since the soldiers needed to guard the caravans demanded payment in gold. Those few merchants who traveled without guard quickly fell prey to the many bandits and highwaymen who now infested the land.

It was during these challenging times that the coin of Xulthar first began to circulate. Thought for centuries to have fallen into ruin, the lost city of Xulthar seemed to have risen from the ashes, its treasury filled with gold and silver. The merchants whispered rumors about the rise of a sorceror, a powerful mage who had discovered the secrets of Xulthar and had unlocked its riches. Some said he was a demon in human form, others that he was a man so wise and powerful that he could tame the very desert and make it blossom as the rose. But all agreed that the coin of Xulthar was sound.

For Xulthar had been a great and legendary city before its fall, renowned for its opulence and power. It had been a city of sorcerers and scholars, merchants and artisans, ruled by a council of wise and just elders. The city’s wealth had come not only from its trade routes, but also from its mines, which were said to hold rare gems and precious metals. With the fall of Xulthar nearly a century ago, the world had lost not only a great civilization, but also such treasures as the world had never seen.

The coin of Xulthar quickly gained acceptance among merchants and traders as standard currency. It became a symbol of stability during a time of chaos, though no one knew exactly how it had begun to circulate, and not one of those few who ventured in search of the fabled lost city ever returned. Still, the steady flow of trade brought wealth and prosperity to all who traded with Xulthar’s coin, enabling the survivors of the plague years to rebuild.

But as the coin of Xulthar spread across the land, it began to have a strange effect upon those who used it. Farmers and tradesmen who obtained the coin through honest enterprise, and who saved it against a time of need, found that their wealth diminished over time, insomuch that they could not hold onto it. Whereas greedy princes, unscrupulous merchants, and others who obtained their treasure by corruption and graft, found that their hordes grew unexpectedly, as if the sorcerous coin had multiplied.

To those who had eyes to see and ears to hear, it soon became clear that the coin of Xulthar was cursed. And yet, few there were who dared to point this out. For the need of the coin was still great, and those who profited most by the curse were chiefly the kings and princes of the people, those of power and high birth.

And so, as the plague years slowly came to a close, a much more subtle and insidious scourge spread throughout the land. For by some dark sorcery that few understood or even recognized, the cursed coin of Xulthar corrupted the souls of those who coveted it and magnified the dark desires that already existed within their hearts. It was as if the coin had a mind of its own, twisting the souls of those who used it toward madness and destruction.

The Riches of Xulthar: Prologue

Long had the plague years ravaged the land. No household was left unscathed by it, no graveyard was left unfilled. Crops rotted unharvested in the fields, while towns and villages lay devoid of inhabitants. At first, the cities swelled with migrants fleeing the specter of death, only to fall as the fleeing refugees spread the shadow of the reaper further across the land.

No kingdom escaped the devastation, and no principality emerged unspotted from the plague. The mightiest empires fell into ruin as famine followed pestilence, with the dogs of war harrying the heels of both. The high priests cursed the old gods bitterly as they died, their acolytes despairing of salvation or relief. A thousand altars ran red with rivers of blood, both of human and of animal sacrifice. But it was all to no avail.

As days turned to months and months turned to years, it seemed that all of creation had been thrown into utter chaos. War raged across entire continents as nations sought to defend their crumbling borders from the hordes of hungry invaders. Kings were humbled, emperors were brought low, and the mighty were mocked as if valor were but a bad jest. The common people watched helplessly as their homes were burned to the ground, their meager wealth plundered and their children enslaved. Driven to desperation, many of them took up arms and joined the invading hordes until scourge or sword claimed them.

The rains refused to fall in their season, and the once fertile fields that lay fallow for lack of labor now turned to dust as the deserts reclaimed their own. Lands that had been settled for longer than living memory now became as barren as the wastes. As empty towns and abandoned cities turned to crumbling ruin, the cultivated lands reverted to desolate wilderness, devoid of culture and civilization.

The old religions could not offer comfort or solace, and thus passed away with the old order. So also it was with the schools of the philosophers and the circles of the wizards and sorcerers. Even the merchants failed to ply their trade, and for a time, all commerce and intercourse ceased. The few survivors hoarded their dwindling supplies and guarded them fiercely against any who dared approach.

But the plague years did not continue forever. After the destruction and chaos had run its fated course, the pestilence finally relented, and slowly, life returned to the land. The survivors banded together, pooling their meager resources and working together to rebuild their world. Cautiously, they returned to the wreckage of their homes and villages, reclaiming the darkened ruins. New outbreaks of the plague claimed many of them, but these were mostly local, for the survivors were sufficiently hardened to dampen its spread.

As the villages were resettled and the towns were rebuilt, the demand for trade goods grew tremendously. Once again, merchants began to venture out across the shattered land, risking their lives on bandit-infested roads in search of profit. Unfortunately, the death of commerce had made coin scarce, and those who needed the trade goods the most were the ones least able to pay. Some merchants turned to barter, but this proved unwieldy since the soldiers who guarded their caravans demanded their payment in gold. Those few who foolishly traveled without guard swiftly fell prey to bandits and thieves.

It was during these challenging times that the coin of Xulthar first appeared. Centuries before, the ruined city of Xulthar had once been the center of culture for the entire civilized world. Legend held that its treasuries had overflowed with gold and silver, gems and jewels, and treasures of every kind. Before the plague years, many dismissed these stories as fanciful tales, but as the coin of Xulthar circulated freely, interest in the legendary city was renewed.

The merchants whispered of the rise of a dark and powerful sorcerer who had discovered the secrets of Xulthar and claimed its incredible treasure for his own. Some said that he was a demon in human form, while others claimed he was a man who could tame the very desert and make it blossom as the rose. For according to the legends, Xulthar had been one of the greatest cities of the world: a city of sorcerers and scholars, of merchants and artisans, of powerful princes and opulent patricians. The city’s wealth had come not only from its auspicious location amidst the most important trade routes, but also from its rich and abundant mines, full of rare gems and precious metals. But the people of Xulthar had delved too deep, or else their wizards had unlocked some great and tremendous evil, for according to the legends, the city had fallen in a single day.

In spite of these legends (or indeed, perhaps because of them), the coin of Xulthar became a symbol of stability in a time of chaos, though no one knew exactly how it had begun to circulate. Many bold adventurers set out to find the lost city, but not one of them ever returned. Still, few were willing to complain, as the steady flow of trade brought wealth and prosperity to all who accepted it. Without the coin of Xulthar, the survivors of the plague years would have found it far more difficult to rebuild.

But as the coin of Xulthar spread across the land, it began to have a strange effect upon those who held it. Farmers and tradesmen who obtained their wealth through hard work and honest enterprise found that it slowly fled them, insomuch that they could save a single coin for fear of losing it. On the other hand, greedy princes, unscrupulous merchants, and others who made their fortunes through corruption graft found that their riches grew with the counting of it, as if the sorcerous coin multiplied like rabbits within their unseen vaults.

To those who dared to see things as they really were, it soon became clear that the coin of Xulthar was cursed. And yet, few dared to point this out, for those who profited the most by the curse were chiefly those of power and high birth. The brave and honest souls who spoke out about the curse soon found themselves exiled in disgrace, their lands seized, their titles revoked, and their wealth confiscated.

And so, as the plague years came to a close, a much more subtle and insidious scourge began to spread throughout the land. For by some dark sorcery that few understand or recognized, the cursed coin of Xulthar corrupted the souls of all who sought it and magnified the dark desires that lurked within the human heart. It was as if the coin had a mind of its own, twisting the souls of those who bought and sold with it—though toward what dark and devious end, not even the wise and prudent could tell.

The Riches of Xulthar >> Chapter 1 >>

Some major news about my first AI-assisted novel

The Riches of Xulthar is now complete! I’m sending it out to my editor this afternoon, and if all goes well, it will be available in all formats by the end of September.

In the meantime, I have decided to post the entire thing chapter by chapter on my blog. I’ll be posting the final, unedited version, as well as my AI-assisted draft which I wrote/generated with Sudowrite. It was about 60/40 generated/written, so I can’t say how much of it was purely AI, but if you plug it into an AI text detector you should be able to get a pretty good idea.

My process for writing this novel was as follows:

ChatGPT: The whole thing started out by playing with ChatGPT, with the prompt “let’s write a fantasy adventure story in the style of Robert E. Howard.” I thought it would turn out to be a pretty straightforward short story, but it quickly ballooned into something else. I still kept playing with it, but mostly to get the framework of the overall story.

Outlining: Once I had a general idea for the story, I spent a couple of weeks outlining the whole thing, as if I were outlining one of my regular novels. Besides a chapter/scene map and a list of all the throughlines with their associated plot points, I also filled out character sheets for the main characters, with a little bit of help from ChatGPT.

Sudowrite: I used Sudowrite to write/generate the first draft. This was about 60/40 human written to AI generated. Basically, I would write a few hundred words, generate a few hundred words, and either keep it, tweak it, or throw it out and write something else. Rinse and repeat.

Humanizing: Once I had a decent rough draft, I passed it through the “human filter” by rewriting it into a new document, with the AI-assisted draft on my other screen. No copy-pasting, though there were sections where I basically wrote it out almost exactly how it appeared in the rough draft. However, I also made some pretty substantial changes, even expanding the rough draft into new scenes and chapters. This phase took the most work.

Revising: After the humanizing phase was done, I went through a normal revision draft, the way I do with all of my novels. I got some feedback from my writing group for the prologue and first chapter, but otherwise didn’t get any reader feedback, mainly because the process was so accelerated that I doubt anyone could have gotten it back to me in time. More on that later.

Polishing: For the final polishing draft, I went through and cut a straight 10% off of the whole novel, scene by scene. No major story changes for this phase: just sharpening up the prose and making it as clean and tight as possible.

Without using AI, it takes me anywhere from 6 to 18 months to write a novel, sometimes much more. But from start to finish, The Riches of Xulthar only took me three months—and the first of that was mostly just figuring out what to do with all of this content that I’d produced while playing around with ChatGPT. I didn’t start using Sudowrite to generate the actual first draft until the second week of May, and here we are in the second week of July, and the entire thing is finished.

I am very eager to hear what you guys think of this book, which is why I’m posting both the final unedited draft and the AI draft on my blog. I’ll be posting a new chapter every week, the final draft version on Thursday, and the AI draft version on Saturday. I hope you enjoy it!

The Sudowrite draft of The Riches of Xulthar is finished!

It only took about a month, but it would have been much faster if I’d used Story Engine. Honestly, I probably could have generated the text in a week if I’d used that tool, or perhaps even an afternoon. Instead, I outlined the project myself, wrote the first couple of paragraphs for each individual scene, and wrote / generated the rest.

Most of what I used Sudowrite for was on a sentence and paragraph level for this draft. Typically, I would write a bit, get to a point where I wasn’t sure what to write next, generate some text, and then either 1) use it as-is, 2) use it, but run it through a couple of rewrite filters first, 3) use it, but tweak it myself, or 4) throw it out entirely and keep writing. Because the AI didn’t have an outline to work with, it often took the story off in weird and non-useful directions, but there were a couple of times where it surprised me in a good way, and I decided to keep it in.

One of the things I found was that Sudowrite is terrible for magic systems, world-building, character arcs, foreshadowing, unresolved sexual tension, or anything else that happens on a macroscopic scale, especially if that story element changes over the course of the novel. For example, he AI engine wanted every scene involving both my male and female leads to culminate in the climax of their romantic subplot. Likewise, it was very difficult to get the AI to hit the right beats for their character growth; that was something where I really had to babysit it.

But for those microscopic, word / sentence / paragraph level story elements, I was pleasantly surprised with how Sudowrite performed. It felt a bit like I was riding in the front of a tandem bicycle, instead of writing alone. When I hit stretches that required a lot of uphill effort, I could rely on the AI engine to do most of the work while I steered. Of course, riding a tandem is no fun unless both people are pedaling, so I still had to do my part, but the hills and the rocky parts felt a lot easier, which was nice.

This Sudowrite draft isn’t anywhere near publishable, but that wasn’t what I was going for. Instead, the goal was to get it good enough to use as a starting point to rewrite the entire thing myself. Rough drafts are pretty hard for me, but rewriting and revising comes much easier after I have something to work with. Even if I end up throwing out every word, I expect that I can power through this “humanized” draft in a fraction of the time it would take me to write the novel from scratch. I may even finish it this week!

But perhaps the area where the Sudowrite draft did the most was with helping me to be productive even when my attention was being pulled in multiple directions by small children. A significant chunk of this book was written in the BYU Library’s family study room, with one eye on my three year-old daughter as she played with the other kids. Even after I had to step in to referee a bit, or to take her for a snack or a potty break, the AI tools enabled me to jump right back in and keep writing.

The amount of focus it takes to write with AI tools is much, much less than what it takes to write without them. At least, that has been my experience. Granted, my goal with this draft was not to make it publishable, but to make it good enough for the next phase, which is more like 95% human effort and 5% AI, as opposed to 40% human effort and 60% AI, which I used for this draft.

But I doubt there are any AI tools right now that can get a book into a published state with minimal human effort. In general, I’ve found that these AI-assisted writing tools are great for getting a book from terrible to passable, but not as useful for getting a book from passable to genuinely good—and as for getting a book from good to genuinely great, you can forget it with our current set of AI tools. Much better to rely on human efforts for that.

To use another analogy, it’s kind of like using a two stage rocket to get to orbit, where the booster rocket is the Sudowrite draft and the second stage rocket is the humanized draft. The booster won’t get you to orbit on its own, but it will get you through max Q and send you high enough that the second stage can finish the job. And since you’re going up in two stages instead of just one, it doesn’t take nearly as much fuel to get there.

Another advantage of doing it this way is that the final draft will be almost 100% human-written. There’s no copying or pasting in the humanized draft—every sentence and every word is typed out by hand, and while some of it may come verbatim from the Sudowrite draft, most of it is going to be changed in some way, sometimes quite substantially. For example, today I “humanized” a scene that was about 750 words in the Sudowrite draft, but ended up at around 1500 words.

What I’ll probably do is pick a few scenes from this novel and post the before and after, to show how substantially it’s changed. But even the Sudowrite draft isn’t totally AI generated, at least with the way I’ve been using these tools. Like I said above, it’s much closer to 60/40.

The Sudowrite draft of The Riches of Xulthar clocks in at about 33.2k words. That still falls short of the 40k word minimum threshold for a novel, but it will get longer with the next draft, and I expect it to end up somewhere between 40k and 45k words. With luck, I’ll finish the humanized draft by the end of this week, and the revisions before the end of this month.

A letter to Christina Paxson, President of Brown University

President Christina Paxson,

I am sending this email to you because your voice mailbox is full, no doubt from listeners (such as myself) of popular conservative commentator Matt Walsh who gave us your (publicly listed) number and email address and encouraged us to reach out to you. Lest you think that this email constitutes harassment, I am a father of two young children who is actively researching our long-term education options and considering whether or not to encourage them to attend a university such as your own. I myself attended the Williston Northampton School in Easthampton, MA, and many of my high school classmates went on to attend Brown.

It has come to my attention that a PhD student and member of your university community named Sarah Celeste Griffith has, for several months, been calling for the vigilante execution of Matt Walsh at his home. This is an explicit call for violence that, to my knowledge, is not protected by even the most liberal (in the non-political sense) interpretation of the first amendment, and yet your university has not taken any action to censure or discipline this student.

Based on the fact that this has been happening for several months, I can only conclude that your administration tacitly supports explicit and illegal calls for violence against Matt Walsh and his family. Is this correct, or is there more to this story (such as the incompetence of your own administration and staff) of which we are unaware? Now that Brown’s support of this student’s illegal and lawbreaking behavior has been made public, will you take actions to discipline or expel this student? Or is such violence and political intolerance exemplary of the values of a Brown University education—values that I, as a parent of young and intelligent children, can expect Brown University to instill in them, should I send them to Brown?

Thank you for your time,

Joe Vasicek

In Defense of Black & White Morality

I was born in 1984, and for most of my life, stories with black and white morality—in other words, stories about the struggle between good and evil, with good guys who are good and bad buys who are bad—have been considered unfashionable and out of style. This is especially true of fantasy, where grimdark has been the ascendant subgenre for basically the past two decades. The Lord of the Rings movies gave us somewhat of a respite from this, but the popularity of George R.R. Martin’s Game of Thrones seems to have turned everything darker and grittier, to the point where I just don’t enjoy reading most new fantasy anymore.

I remember going to conventions like World Fantasy 2009 and talking with other aspiring writers, most of whom could not stop gushing about this George R.R. Martin guy and how he was subverting reader expectations in new and innovative ways. So I picked up a copy of Game of Thrones, and after finishing it, I thought: “yeah, the writing was pretty good, and the story did have a lot of unexpected twists… but I hated literally every character in this book who was still alive by the end of it.”

Looking back, it seems like the greatest reader expectation that GRRM subverted was the expectation that he would finish the damned books. Then again, the books only really took off after the TV series got big, and I suspect that the real reason the TV series got so big was because of all the porn sorry, the sexposition that the writers threw in. (Sex + exposition = sexposition. Seriously, the term was coined because of Game of Thrones.)

So for at least the last three decades (Game of Thrones came out in 1996), grimdark fantasy has been in style, with its morally ambiguous characters and its gray-on-grey or gray-on-black morality. Meanwhile, stories that are unambiguously about the struggle between good and evil have been considered trite, passé, or otherwise out of style. We live in a modern, complex world, and stories with such black-and-white conflicts are far too simplistic and unsophisticated to speak to our times.

That’s a load of horse shit, and here’s why.

But first, because we live in the stupidest of all possible timelines, I need to preface this discussion by stating what should be obvious to anyone capable of free and independent thought: namely, that talking about morality in terms of “black” and “white” has not a damned thing to do with anyone’s race. Seriously. It is not racist in any way to use “black” to symbolize evil and “white” to symbolize good, and the term “black and white morality” is not an example of white supremacy or whatever. Frankly, only a racist would think that it is.

But if you’ve only recently recovered from the insane left-wing cult that dominates every aspect of our society right now, and terms like “black” and “white” still trigger you, perhaps it will help to keep these two images in the forefront of your mind as we talk about morality in terms of black and white:

Now, on to something of actual substance.

The biggest complaint against black and white morality is that it divides all of the characters into black hats and white hats. In other words, all the bad guys are unambiguously bad, and all the good guys are unambiguously good, with no room in the middle for moral ambiguity or complex ethical dilemmas. So in other words, the spectrum of morality in your story looks something like this:

Now, while that may work for a certain kind of story, I will concede that it’s usually a sign of poor writing. This is especially true of epic fantasy, where complex worldbuilding and an expansive cast of characters is typical for the genre. Black hats and white hats might work for a twenty minute episode of a classic western, but not for a multi-book epic fantasy series.

However, when black and white morality is done well, it looks a lot more like this:

Notice that every shade of gray is contained within the spectrum. Indeed, allowing for the extremes of good and evil is the only way to hit every shade of morality and have it mean anything at all.

Think of Lord of the Rings. Yes, there are purely evil characters like Sauron, and purely good characters like Gandalf, but in between those two extremes there is a lot of moral ambiguity. For example, you have Boromir, who falls to the temptation of the ring but redeems himself with his sacrifice; Gollum, who ultimately rejects the last remnants of good that is in him, but still ends up serving the good in the end; Sam, who isn’t particularly noble or heroic, but bears the ring without succumbing to its temptation because of the power of friendship; Faramir, a noble and heroic figure who nevertheless knows his own limits and recognizes that the ring will corrupt him if he takes it; etc etc. Even the hero of the story, Frodo nine-fingers, succumbs to temptation in the end, and only succeeds in his quest by a brilliant subversion of the reader’s expectations.

Now, let’s contrast (pun intended) black and white morality with gray and grey morality, which TV Tropes defines as “Two opposing sides are neither completely ‘good’ nor completely ‘evil’.” Here is what that looks like when it’s done poorly:

…and here is what that looks like when it’s done well:

Does anything about those two images stand out to you? Because the thing that stands out to me is that they look almost identical—which means, as a newbie writer, it’s much easier to get away with a badly written gray-and-grey story than a badly written black-and-white story. Little wonder that all those aspiring writers at World Fantasy 2009 were gushing about George R.R. Martin.

Of course, since there’s only so much of this morally gray soup that readers can stand, two other sub-tropes of graying morality have emerged to satisfy the readers’ unfulfilled needs: black-and-gray morality, which TV Tropes defines as “Vile villain, flawed hero,” and white-and-gray morality, where “the best is Incorruptible Pure Pureness, and the worst is an Anti-Villain.”

Representing both of those visually, here is what black-and-gray morality looks like:

…and here is what white-and-gray morality looks like.

Much more satisfying than the nihilistic, soul-sucking soup that is gray-on-grey morality, but taken individually, neither one truly represents the full spectrum of moral complexity. The only way to include every shade of gray within your story is to do black-and-white morality, and to do it well.

Also, do you notice how the gray on the right side of the black-and-gray spectrum looks a lot darker than the gray on the left side of the white-and-gray spectrum? Those are both identical shades of 50% gray, but they appear darker or lighter than they actually are, simply by association with only one of the extremes.

Likewise, even if a black-and-gray or white-and-gray story is done well, it will still feel like it’s totally black or white. And if you read a white-and-gray story for the contrast reading after a black-and-gray story, the effect will be more similar to reading a badly written black-and-white story, regardless of the quality of either one.

To get the full spectrum of morality, with all of its finer nuances and shades of gray, you must include both extremes of good and evil. Remember, here is what that looks like:

Which is why it’s a load of horse shit to say that black and white morality is “unsophisticated” or “simplistic.” Done poorly, perhaps that’s true—but you can say that of any book done poorly. Done well, though, a black-and-white tale of good and evil is more satisfying and complete than any other kind of tale is capable of being, even if done well.

“But Joe!” some of you may be saying right now. “What about blue-and-orange morality? What about that most bizarre of moral codes that is neither good nor evil, lawful nor chaotic, but bacon and necktie? What does that look like, represented visually?”

Fine. Here’s your blue-and-orange morality, which TV Tropes defines as “morality that’s bizarre, unconventional and distorted by human standards”:

He who takes the bacon path shall be with dinner blessed,
But he who takes the necktie path shall be for dinner dressed.

And here’s a poem by ChatGPT to explain the finer nuances of it:

In bacon’s sizzling embrace, flavors shall dance and sing,
A feast for the senses, a delightful offering.
Juicy and savory, its aroma fills the air,
Blessed is the one who follows the bacon’s dare.

Yet the necktie path, with elegance and grace,
Leads one to adornment, a refined embrace.
In formal attire, he walks the path of class,
Dressed for the occasion, ready to raise a glass.

For bacon nourishes the soul, brings joy and delight,
A savory indulgence, a culinary highlight.
While the necktie adorns, a symbol of esteem,
Preparing for gatherings, where memories gleam.

So choose your path wisely, with heart and desire,
Whether blessed with bacon or dressed to inspire.
For in the journey’s choice, a tale shall unfold,
Of dinners blessed or dressed, both stories worth being told.

Short-form vs. long-form fantasy

For the last month, I’ve been doing a lot of research into the fantasy genre, rereading all of the original Conan the Barbarian stories by Robert E. Howard and a bunch of the other ones too, by authors like L. Sprague De Camp, Lin Carter, Bjorn Nyberg, Robert Jordan, etc. I’ve also been reading a lot of epic fantasy, like the Wheel of Time series by Robert Jordan and the Stormlight Archive by Brandon Sanderson. And I’ve also read some essays on the genre, most notably “The Critics, the Monsters, and the Fantasists” by Ursula K. Le Guin, and “The Making of the American Fantasy Genre” by David Hartwell. Oh, and opening a bunch of chats with ChatGPT, though those are of limited usefulness (for some reason, ChatGPT hallucinates like crazy when you ask it to recommend any noblebright fantasy that isn’t more than two or three decades old).

From what I’ve gathered, there are basically two camps or schools within secondary-world fantasy: the heroic / sword & sorcery camp, based off of Howard’s Conan the Barbarian, and the epic fantasy camp, based off of Tolkien’s Lord of the Rings. According to David Hartwell, those are the only two franchises to achieve breakout success: everything else has either achieved only moderate commercial success in its time before petering out, or gained only a niche audience. Apart from Conan, the fantasy genre as a whole didn’t really take off until Terry Brooks immitated Tolkien with his Shannara series, thus launching a wave of Tolkienesque epic fantasy in the 70s and 80s that morphed into Grimdark in the 90s, 00s, and 10s.

So for a while, I was looking into all the various tropes and archetypes that make Conan and LOTR tick, and trying to use those to differentiate the two. But lately, I’ve been wondering if maybe I’ve been overthinking all of this, and the real difference between the two is that Tolkien mastered long-form fantasy, and Howard mastered short-form fantasy. In other words, what if the defining difference between the two camps doesn’t have to do with tropes so much as with the length of the actual story?

I suspect that short-form fantasy is poised to make a resurgence, especially with all of the challenges associated with writing and selling long-form fantasy in the 2020s. Larry Correia is right: Rothfuss and Martin have ruined the epic fantasy field for new authors by failing to finish their series in a reasonable timeframe. Unless you are independently wealthy or already have a large and loyal following of readers, it just doesn’t make commercial sense to write a lengthy series of +200k-word fantasy epics. Better to write shortier, punchier 40k-word novels instead, especially if you can churn them out every other month or so. That seems to be the model that works best for indies, at least in adjacent genres like urban fantasy and paranormal.

Anyway, that’s my current thinking on the subject. What’s your take on it?